II Corinthians 11:24-33
24 Of the Jews five times received I
forty stripes save one.
25 Thrice was I beaten with rods, once
was I stoned, thrice I suffered shipwreck, a night and a day I have been in the
deep;
26 In journeyings often, in perils of
waters, in perils of robbers, in perils by mine own countrymen, in perils by
the heathen, in perils in the city, in perils in the wilderness, in perils in
the sea, in perils among false brethren;
27 In weariness and painfulness, in
watchings often, in hunger and thirst, in fastings often, in cold and
nakedness.
28 Beside those things that are without,
that which cometh upon me daily, the care of all the churches.
29 Who is weak, and I am not weak? who is
offended, and I burn not?
30 If I must needs glory, I will glory of
the things which concern mine infirmities.
31 The God and Father of our Lord Jesus
Christ, which is blessed for evermore, knoweth that I lie not.
32 In Damascus the governor under Aretas the king kept
the city of the Damascenes with a garrison, desirous to apprehend me:
33 And through a window in a basket was I
let down by the wall, and escaped his hands.
The Public Whipping of Obadiah Holmes
Obadiah Holmes was born in Reddish, England, near Manchester in the year 1606. He worked on his
father’s farm as a boy in an England that mostly practiced Puritanism. At this time, England was under the rule of King James I. In
his teen years Holmes saw England returned to rigid Anglicanism as Charles
I took the crown. Charles appointed William Laud as bishop of London. Laud then became the Archbishop of Canterbury, or religious head of the Church of
England. Laud began to persecute Baptists, Puritans, and other dissidents. He beat and imprisoned many. This activity
resulted in many Englishmen sailing for New England in hope of religious liberty. These were
mostly Puritans with some Baptists. Holmes was married to Catherine Hyde in
1630. He accepted Christ in 1638 and sailed that same year to New England.
The Holmes family settled in Salem; but after much conflict with the
religionists there, he moved to Seekonk (Massachusetts Bay Colony). It was here
that Holmes began to resist the false teaching of the standing order church. He
was tormented inside with question like- “Was baptism legitimate for infants?”
and, “What if you were baptized, but not a believer?” Then, amazingly, Obadiah
Holmes, with no prior religious training, started a “Separate” Congregational
church. This courageous act shook up the “standing order” and Holmes was
totally ostracized. Later, in 1649, Dr. Clarke came to town. Under his
preaching, Holmes got assurance of his salvation, realized he was a Baptist,
and was baptized by Clarke. Before we examine the beating of Obadiah Holmes, we
need to realize that he and Dr. John Clarke, as well as others, were marked men
by the standing order.
In 1651, Obadiah Holmes was found to be a
member in good standing at the first Baptist church on American soil, founded
and pastored by John Clarke at Newport, Rhode Island. In the summer of 1651, the Newport church received from the aged William
Witter a request of visitation, so that he might hear the Word of God. Witter
was a man of conviction himself. A strong Baptist, Witter was more than willing
to speak out against the state-church and infant, non-Baptist baptism.
Here are just a few of the statements
Witter made when dragged into court over the issue of baptism:
“The baptism of infants is sinful.”
“Infant baptism is the badge of the
whore.”
“They who stay whiles a child is baptized
do worship the
devil.”
(Salem court records, 1644 and 1645)
Witter was a member of the First Baptist Church in Newport, Rhode Island. Being up in years now and blind, he was
not able to travel to what was not only the nearest Baptist church, the First Baptist Church, but one of the only organized Baptist
churches on American soil. So, upon Witter’s request for a pastoral visit
Pastor John Clarke, active layman John Crandall, and preacher Obadiah Holmes
started out for Lynn, Massachusetts. After navigating to the mainland and
then walking for two days, the men completed the eighty-mile trip. They arrived
at Witter’s home on Saturday night, July 19, 1651. They enjoyed a time of fellowship and
prayer, and stayed at Witter’s home that night, intending to have church
services on the Lord’s Day. News in Lynn spread fast, and a warrant for the
arrest of the strangers was delivered to the constable.
Holmes and company began their service
the next morning, and after four or five visitors came, the constables burst in
to break it up. The three men were taken into custody. The same day, the men
were forced to attend an afternoon service in the standing order Congregational
church. This Puritan run, state-church was the approved church of the
Massachusetts Bay Colony. It is amazing how quickly those who fled religious
persecution in England became the persecutors of the Baptists!
Upon entering the meeting house, the three bowed and saluted the assembly and
sat down, refusing to remove their hats, thus showing their contempt for
religion. The constable was commanded to knock off their hats, which he did so
promptly. Clarke attempted to preach and was silenced. They were then taken to
prison.
On Tuesday, July 2, 1651, Holmes, Clarke, and Crandall were taken
to Boston, so that they might appear before their
adversaries. They were committed to jail and on July 31 they were tried in
court. After an animated courtroom frenzy in which Clarke showed what an
articulate defender of Baptist doctrine he was, the judge agreed with the
prosecutor, Puritan preacher John Cotton, that this heresy (Anabaptism) was
worthy of death. There really was no trial, just a reading of the Allegations
and a commencement with their sentencing. Clarke was fined twenty pounds or be
“well whipt;” Holmes, thirty pounds or be “well whipt;” and Crandall, five
pounds or be “well whipt.” Money was raised to pay the fines. Crandall was released from the fine. Clarke
and Holmes refused permission for their
fines to be paid, not willing to admit guilt, knowing the dreaded whipping post
was the alternative.
As Clarke was led to the whipping post, a
friend pressed money into the hands of the Puritan official accompanying the
party, and Clarke was released. But Holmes stated, “Agreeing to the payment of
my fine would constitute admission of wrongdoing.” Holmes was led to the post
and stripped to the waist. While being stripped, Obadiah Holmes preached a
sermon to the on-looking crowd, exhorting them to stay faithful to their
beliefs. Obadiah Holmes’ sentence was ten stripes less than the maximum of
forty lashes, which was considered a death sentence. Holmes’ sentence was the
same as that of rapists. Many in the gathering crowd cried out in protest. At
least thirteen individuals were arrested for calling for the punishment to
stop. The beating was an attempt to kill Holmes. Holmes later stated that the
flogger used a whip with three hard leather lashes. The man stopped three times
to spit on his hands, and applied the whip with all his might. Each of the
thirty strokes cut three gashes through the skin, for a total of ninety slices
through the flesh. Holmes gave this account of his beating:
“As the man began to lay the strokes upon
my back, I said to the people, though my flesh should fail, yet God will not
fail: so it pleased the Lord to come in, and fill my heart and tongue as a
vessel full, and with audible voice I break forth, praying the Lord not to lay
this sin to their charge, and telling the people I found He did not fail me,
and therefore now I should trust Him forever who failed me not: for in truth, as
the strokes fell upon me, I had such a spiritual manifestation of God’s
presence as I never had before and the outward pain was so removed from me,
that I could well bear it, yea, and in a manner felt it not, although it was
grievous.”
The unbroken spirit of Holmes and the
Baptists of New England was exemplified in the statement Holmes made to the
magistrates as he was released from the post.
He boldly stated, “Ye have beaten me as with roses.” This cruel beating did
not stop the Baptists, but rather emboldened them.
The Effects of Holmes’ beating:
John Spur, an on-looker, later testified
that, being moved powerfully by the
faith of Holmes, he was born-again at the beating. John Spur and John Hazel
helped Holmes from the bloody post and were imprisoned. The aged Hazel later
died and never returned to Newport, suffering from complications relating
to his imprisonment.
John Clarke, Holmes’ pastor, being
proficient in law, medicine, and theology, upon the beating of Holmes wrote a
book, “Ill Newes from New England” (1652). In it, Dr. Clarke presented his
philosophy of government. He pushed for government not to interfere with man’s
conscience on religious matters.
Valentine Wightman, on February 10, 1702, married Susannah Holmes, granddaughter
to Brother Obadiah Holmes and
great-granddaughter of Roger Williams (who was called, “The Apostle of
Freedom of Conscience”). Later in 1712, Wightman left Rhode Island, won converts, and started the First
Baptist Church of New York City. Holmes has a godly offspring.
Wightman won Wait Palmer to Christ.
Palmer, then pastoring in North
Stonington,
immersed Shubal Stearns, who became the “Father of the Separate Baptists.”
Shubal Stearns deserves more credit than anyone else for the explosion of the
Gospel in the South, which became known as the Bible-Belt. Shubal Stearns
started the Sandy Creek Baptist Church, which in two generations birthed
thousands of churches.
Henry Dunster, president of Cambridge (now Harvard) University, stirred by
Holmes’ beating, stood against infant baptism and was forced to resign his
position at Cambridge in 1657. Dunster spread Baptist beliefs
loudly and influenced Cambridge and neighboring Charlestown until the first Baptist church of Massachusetts Bay Proper was established. Thomas Gould,
influenced by Dunster, became a warrior for religious freedom. Bulldozing
through the courts, his efforts aided in the establishment of the first Baptist
church in Boston.
After his scourging, Holmes journeyed
back to the freedom of Newport. For twenty days and nights, he could sleep only by lying on his
stomach or propped upon his knees and elbows. Many sleepless nights reminded
him of that day on the Boston square when the blood ran down his back
and into his shoes. After Clarke, Holmes pastored the church in Newport.
One might ask, “What’s the point?” Baptists today sit unmolested, undisturbed,
worshipping Jesus Christ, practicing Baptist baptism, tithing to our own
churches of our own free will, and preaching with complete liberty granted to
us because of courageous acts like the refusal of Holmes and others to admit to
the charge that being a Bible-believing Baptist is a sin. Illegal search and seizure laws are on the
books today in a big part because the framers of the Constitution took note of what
happened at Witter’s home and the homes of others throughout the colonial
history.
Learning from History- We and our children owe a great debt of
gratitude to our
forefathers. We owe it to our children to
give them these inspiring facts of history. We owe it to our God to stand for
Him in our generation like Obadiah Holmes and the New England Baptists did!